全球第三种隐孔菌现身郧西，跨省分布首现，填补湖北该物种空白
World’s Third Species of Cryptoporus Discovered in Yunxi，First Cross-Provincial Sighting, a Milestone for Hubei’s Biodiversity
极目新闻记者关前裕
通讯员叶相成 魏晶晶 陈勇 冯旺
翻译：李丹妮 李思敏 黄伟韬（湖北大学）
Translators: Li Danni, Li Simin, Huang Weitao (Hubei University)
“看，它们真像是一个个小香菇！”3月17日上午，湖北十堰市生态环境局郧西分局局长叶勇举着手机，向极目新闻记者展示刚拍摄的真菌照片，语气里满是欣喜。手机屏幕上，表面呈蛋壳色至红褐色的真菌附着在马尾松枯木上，形态别致。这正是联合调查团队近日在郧西县发现的药用大型真菌新物种——秦岭隐孔菌，它是全球范围内隐孔菌属的第三个物种，也是其2024年在陕西洋县被发表以来，首次在模式产地之外跨省分布，填补了湖北省该物种的分布空白。
Jimu News （Reporter: Guan QianyuCorrespondents: Ye Xiangcheng, Wei Jingjing, Chen Yong, Feng Wang）“Look, they really look like tiny mushrooms!” On the morning of March 17, Ye Yong, director of the Yunxi Branch of the Shiyan Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment in Hubei Province, held up his phone to show Jimu News reporters recent photos of his fungi sighting, his voice brimming with excitement. On the screen, fungi with tan to reddish-brown surfaces resembling an eggshell, studded the bark of the deadwood of Masson pines, an unmistakable and uniquelook. The fungus was recently identified by a joint survey team in Yunxi County as Cryptoporus qinlingensis, a newly discovered medicinal macrofungus species. It is the third known species in the genus Cryptoporusworldwide. Since its official recognition in Yangxian County, Shaanxi Province, in 2024, this marks its first cross-provincial record outside the type locality, filling the gap of this species' distribution in Hubei Province.
这场惊喜的发现，源于一场细致的野外科考。2026年3月，湖北大学李兆华教授调查团队与武汉格桑花环境科技有限公司调查团队携手，在郧西县开展生物多样性春季野外调查。当队员们行进至安家乡石门路的马尾松林时，一株枯立木上形态特异的真菌吸引了大家的注意，它的子实体呈蹄形至扁球形，孔口被膜状物质包裹，仅基部留有一个小孔，与已知隐孔菌属物种特征高度契合。
This exciting discovery stemmed from a meticulous field expedition. In March 2026, a survey team led by Professor Li Zhaohua of Hubei University and a team from Wuhan Gesanghua Environmental Technology Co., Ltd. jointly carried out a spring biodiversity field survey in Yunxi County. As the team entered the Masson pine forest at Shimen Road in Anjia Township, a curiously shaped fungus growing on a dead standing tree caught their attention. Its basidiocarps were hoof-shaped to slightly rounded, with the pore openings encased in a membranous tissue,leavingonly a small opening at the base, all these charecteristics of known species within the genus Cryptoporus.
经权威专家鉴定，该真菌被确认为秦岭隐孔菌。据调查队员介绍，这种真菌辨识度极高，体型较大，菌盖伸出部分可达5.5厘米，表面覆盖着细腻的纹理，新鲜子实体还带有淡淡的木质香气。其最显著的特征的是菌盖边缘延伸形成完整包被，将孔口面完全包裹，仅基部留一个圆形小孔，这一独特结构是它适应昆虫传孢的进化特征，昆虫钻入取食时会携带孢子扩散，形成互惠共生的生态关系，生动体现了森林生态系统的协同演化智慧。
Verified by authoritative experts, the fungus has been confirmed as Cryptoporus qinlingensis. According to the survey team, this fungus boasts distinctive features and a relatively large size, with a pileus projection of up to 5.5 cm and a finely textured surface. When fresh, the basidiocarps emit a faint woody fragrance. Its most prominent feature is the margin of the pileus that extends to form a complete envelope, fully enclosing the pore surface and leaving only a small circular opening at the base. This unique structure represents an evolutionary adaptation for insect-mediated spore dispersal. As insects burrow in and feed on the fungal tissue inside, they carry and spread the spores, forming a mutually beneficial symbiotic relationship — a vivid example of the co-evolutionary wisdom within forest ecosystems.
为何秦岭隐孔菌会从陕西洋县“跨越”到湖北郧西？据了解，郧西县地处秦岭东段南麓，与陕西洋县同属秦岭生态体系，这里气候温润、植被繁茂，拥有大面积马尾松林，生境与模式产地高度相似且生态连通，为秦岭隐孔菌的生存提供了绝佳条件。此次发现不仅印证了秦岭生态系统的整体性与生物多样性连续性，更证实了郧西县是秦岭东段珍稀生物种质资源的重要承载区。
Why has Cryptoporus qinlingensis“crossed over” from Yang County, Shaanxi Province to Yunxi, Hubei Province? It is understood that Yunxi County is located on the southern foot of the eastern Qinling Mountains and shares the same Qinling ecological system as Yang County, Shaanxi. Characterized by a mild and humid climate, lush vegetation and extensive Masson pine forests, its habitat is highly similar to that of the type locality it is ecologically connected to, providing excellent conditions for the survival of Cryptoporus qinlingensis.This discovery not only confirms the integrity of the Qinling ecosystem and the continuity of its biodiversity, but also affirms Yunxi County as a key host area for rare biological germplasm resources in the eastern Qinling Mountains.
作为传统珍稀药用真菌，隐孔菌属药用历史悠久，可用于治疗哮喘、支气管炎等，现代研究显示其含多种活性成分，具有抗炎、抗病毒等潜在价值。此次发现为湖北省药用真菌资源的保护、研究与开发提供了重要线索。
As a rare and traditionally valued medicinal fungus, the genus Cryptoporushas a long history of medicinal use. It is applied in the treatment of asthma, bronchitis and other ailments. Modern research has shown that it contains a variety of active compounds, with potential anti-inflammatory and antiviral properties. The recent sighting offers important clues for the conservation, research, and development of medicinal fungal resources in Hubei Province.