这位“电缆神医”练就“听声定位”绝活
Cable Worker Masters the Skill of “Listening for Faults”
极目新闻记者 周萍英
通讯员 白菲斐 梅雪 张宇
JimuNews Journalist: Zhou Pingying
Correspondents:Bai Feifei, Mei Xue, Zhang Yu
翻译：李佳盈、姚歆屿、罗金（湖北大学）
Translators: Li Jiaying, Yao Xinyu, Luo Jin (Hubei University）
在湖北襄阳，有一位牛人，他坚守配网运维一线30余年，练就“听声定位”绝活，深埋在地下的电缆出了故障，他只要用耳朵“一听”，就能精准判断故障位置，提高抢修效率，保障城市供电。
In Xiangyang, Hubei, a remarkable manhas dedicated over 30 years to maintaining power cables. For any malfunction, he can identify the precise location of the fault by simply listening, thereby enhancing his efficiency and ensuring a reliable power supply for the city.
“就这儿、就这儿，开挖！”11月19日，极目新闻记者见到这位忙碌在抢修一线的“电缆神医”邹松，只见他屏气静心，锁眉深思，继而坚定自信：“故障点，就在这里！”
On November 19th, a Jimu News Journalist sawZou Song, the busy “Dr. of Cables”， working tirelessly with repairs. “Right here, dig here!” said Zou Song in a focused and somber demeanor, before confidently concluding, “The faulty point is right here!”
通宵探测成就“一听就准”
Overnight InspectionHones Sharp Hearing
1991年，邹松从武汉供电技工学校电气试验专业毕业后，进入国网襄阳供电公司工作，他先后在变电、继电保护、电气试验等岗位锻炼，积累了丰富的专业知识和现场经验。
In 1991, Zou Song graduated from the Wuhan Electric Power Technical College with a major in electrical testing. He then joined the State Grid Xiangyang Corporation, where he gained extensive professional knowledge and practical experience in various positions such as substation operation, relay protection, and electrical testing.
20世纪90年代初，城市电能输送大多依靠架空线路，直到1998年，襄阳城区才开始普及地下电缆。那年9月，暑热未退，国网襄阳供电公司首个电缆入地工程110KV广场变电站配套出线工程完工还没几个月，广75整条线路却突然跳闸，周边5公里居民的生活受到严重影响。
In the early 1990s, urban power transmission mostly relied on overhead lines. It was not until 1998 that Xiangyang beganthewidespread use of underground cables. In September 1998, just a few months after the completion of the first underground cable project at the 110KV Square Substation, a fault occurred trippingthe entire line of Guang75, affecting the lives of residents within a 5-kilometer radius.
工作人员几次巡线下来，地面以上都没有发现明显故障，说明故障深埋在地下。邹松和同事花了3天时间查找，却毫无进展。后来，公司邀请到西安某大学一位老教授前来指导，大家一起摸索，一起探测，又花了2天时间，终于确定了故障点。5天探测+2小时抢修后，这条线路重新恢复了供电。
Despite multipleinspection of the cables, no obvious faults were discovered above ground, indicating that the fault was buried underground. Zou Song and his colleagues spent three days searching for the fault, but with out progress. Eventually, they invited a senior professor from a university in Xi'an for guidance. After two more days of joint exploration, they finally identified the fault. After 5 days of detection and a 2-hour repair, power was restored to the line.
“探，整整5天，修，才不到2小时。”这次经历让邹松深受触动，也开启了他对电缆故障探测的钻研。
“It took 5 full days to locate butless than 2 hours to repair.” This experience deeply moved ZouSong, sparking his dedication to cablefault inspection.
电缆故障探测，既要判断故障位置，又要判断故障性质，还要拿出针对性的解决办法。在过去探测经验不足，探测设备不多的情况下，邹松只能自己边学边琢磨。
Inspecting faulty cables requires not only determining the faulty point, but also understanding the nature of the fault, and furthermore devising targeted solutions. With limited inspection equipment and experience in the past, Zou Song had to learn and experiment on his own.
“熬夜是常有的事儿，每次都是凌晨抵达故障现场，早上6点收工。”邹松告诉极目新闻记者，只有深夜，周边一切都安静下来，才能更好地聆听出电缆细微而特别的放电声，而每一次故障查找，都是一次积累。为此，邹松特意制作了一个案例集，将每次查找故障点的情况详细记录，并进行复盘分析。
“Staying up all night is common.Generally,I arrive at the site in the middle of the night and finish working at 6 a.m.”Zou Song said. Only late at night, when everything around becomes quiet, can he better listen to the subtle and distinctive sounds of electric currents in the cables. Each inspection is an experiencegained,so Zou Songcreated collectionof cases, detailing the circumstances of each inspection for analysisafterwards.
就在一个又一个的通宵探测中，邹松练就了敏锐的听觉。“放电就像有节奏的心跳声，但声音有大有小，频率也不一样。”邹松在摸索中越听越准，将设备只能探出故障点的半径从5米缩小到1米，甚至能精准到0.2米内，检测时间也从最初的一个星期压缩到现在的1.5小时左右。
Through countless overnight inspections, Zou Song honed his hearing. “The electric current sounds like a rhythmic heartbeat, but the volume and frequency vary.” Through exploration, the precision of his listening improved, reducing the radius within which faults can be detected from 5 meters using equipment to 1 meterby ear, and even pinpointing faults within 0.2 meters. The time taken to discover faults also reduced from the initial one week to around 1.5 hoursnow.
一根电缆查出4个故障点
Discovering Four Faults in a Single Cable
城市电缆被深埋在地下，遍布各处，故障的发生也错综复杂。“有时是在空旷的郊外，有时也会在潮湿黑暗的电缆井里。”和邹松同在配网抢修班的同事王家尧告诉极目新闻记者，故障探测，不仅是个技术活儿，还是个体力活儿。
Power cable in urbanareas, buried underground and spread throughout the city, present complex challenges when faults occur. “Sometimes it's in open suburbs, and sometimes it's in damp and dark cable pits,” said Wang Jiayao, a colleague of Zou Song in the distribution network repair team.Detecting faults is both technically and physically demanding.
一般情况下，查找电缆故障，首先要借助故障探测定位仪，初步估测出测试端到故障点的大概距离。“我们脖子上挂着1公斤多重的低压脉冲波监测仪，还要戴着扩音耳机，边走边探测，一趟下来，至少是一万步。”王家尧说，无论是盛夏酷暑，还是寒冬大雪，只要故障来了，邹松都会第一时间赶往现场。
In general, finding faults involves using a fault locator to detect and estimate the approximate distance from the location of testing to that of the fault. “We hang a low-voltage pulse wave monitor weighing over 1 kilogram around our necks and wear amplifiedheadphonesto detect sounds while walking.We walk at least ten thousand stepson each trip.” Wang Jiayao said. Whether in the scorching summer or the snowy winter, whenever a fault occurs, Zou Song will rush to the site immediately.
“环境恶劣根本不算啥，最怕的就是不能尽快查出故障点，恢复供电。”邹松回忆说，2020年，襄阳二汽基地一条线路出现故障，导致多家汽车制造企业断电停产，大家在焦急中邀请邹松到场检测。
“Harsh environment is nothing compared to the fear of not being able to quickly identify the fault and restore power,” recalled Zou Song. In 2020,a line at the Xiangyang Second Automobile Basemalfunctioned, resulting in power outages and production suspensionin several automobile-manufacturing companies. They invited Zou Song to the scene for inspection.
经过一个多小时的探测，邹松准确地找到了一个故障点，开挖维修后，供电却还是无法恢复。到底怎么回事？邹松在这条线路上来来回回地踱步，仔细聆听，认真思考，反复研究，最终，发现了其他3处异常的放电声。“没想到这根线路，一下子有4个故障点，加之不同的故障有不同的位置和问题，能找出来，难度非常大！”
Over anhour-long investigationlater, Zou Song accurately identified a fault. However, even after excavation and repair, the power supply could not be restored. What was the problem? Zou Song paced back and forth along the power line, carefully listening, thinking, and conducting repeated analysis. Finally, he discovered three other abnormal noises from the electric current. “I had notexpectedthis power line to have four faultypoints, each with a unique location and problem. It was very challenging to pinpoint them!”
2022年5月26日，在湖北省“工友杯”首届“e 有绝活”高技能人才技能大赛决赛现场，邹松头戴耳机、身背监听器、手握探测仪，在5段模拟入地的10米电缆中快速找到了现场临时设置的电缆故障点。最终，他以网络票选和现场展示的绝对优势，获得了“e 有绝活”高技能人才技能大赛基础产业类第一名的好成绩。同年，他还被湖北省总工会评选为“荆楚工匠”。
On May 26, 2022, at the final of the first“E-Skill” High-SkilledTalentCompetition, held as part of the “Worker's Cup” in Hubei Province, Zou Songwho was wearing headphones, a monitor on his back, a detectorin hand, quickly identified the fault in a 10-meter cable segment simulated to be buried underground.Ultimately, he achieved outstanding results by winning the first place in the Basic Industry category of the Competition through online voting and on-site demonstrations. In the same year, he was also selected as a “Jingchu Craftsman” by the Hubei Provincial Federation of Trade Unions.
“邹一听”绰号叫响全省
Attaining Provincial Recognition
2007年，国网湖北省电力有限公司组织开办“电缆集训班”，一直处在自我摸索中的邹松积极报名，在武汉参加了长达半年的理论和实操培训，并从100多名学员中脱颖而出，成为了湖北省电力代表队的一员，参加了2008年第六届全国电力行业职业技能竞赛，获得了全国电力故障探测比武第四名。
In 2007, State Grid Hubei Electric Power Co., Ltd. organized a “Cable Training Class”. Zou Song, who had been exploringon his own, enthusiastically applied and participated in a six-month theoretical and practical training program in Wuhan. He stood out among more than 100 students and became a member of the Hubei Provincial Electric Power Team. Hethen participated in the 6th National Power Industry Vocational Skills Competition in 2008 and placed fourth in the national power fault detection competition.
技能竞赛让邹松一战成名，枣阳、十堰、神农架等市区单位纷纷发出邀约，请他前往解决各种电缆故障的“疑难杂症”，邹松一边检验学习成果，一边积累实操经验。
The skills competition garnered Zou Song recognition from all over the province, and companies in Zaoyang, Shiyan, and Shennongjiabegan sending invitationsfor him to solve various “difficult and complicated” faultsin their power lines. Zou Song continued putting his knowledge to the test while also accumulating practical experience.
2014年，枣阳某线路出现故障，断电线路途经G70福银高速，经工作人员初步排查，位于该高速公路下的一段电缆可能有问题。高速公路平均每公里造价至少为3000万元，故障点的确定稍有差池，付出的成本将无比巨大。“就这儿！”邹松前往现场，不到2个小时，就确定了故障点在距离高速路十多米的地方，顺利消除故障后，当地工作人员对邹松竖起了大拇指。
In 2014, a fault occurred in a certain line in Zaoyang, and the power outage affected the G70 Fuyin Expressway. After preliminary investigation by the staff, it was suspected that a section of cable under the expressway was the problem. The average cost per kilometer of the expressway was at least 30 million yuan, so any slight error in identifying the location of fault would result in tremendous costs. Zou Song went to the scene and within two hours, he successfully located the fault, which was more than ten meters away from the highway. After the fault had been cleared, local staff gave Zou Song a thumbs-up.
2022年7月，神农架林区供电中心2个开闭所之间的地下联络电缆出现问题，导致开闭所无法“手拉手”形成环网，供电可靠性不足。该公司邀请了电缆故障探测设备的厂家技术员到场，却始终查找不到故障点。经同行介绍，神农架公司抱着试一试的态度，给邹松打来邀请电话。
In July 2022, a problem occurred in the underground interconnecting power line between two switching stations in the Shennongjia Forestry Area Power Supply Center, making it impossible to form a network and in turn resulting in unreliable power transmission. The company invited technical personnel from the manufacturerof thecable fault detectorto the scene but could not locate the fault. On peer recommendation, the Shennongjia company decided to give Zou Song a try and invited him over the phone.
神农架林区高山起伏，道路弯曲，探测难度比在城市中要难得多，但仅用一个半小时，邹松就准确探测到了故障点。开挖后发现，是某次施工过程中，有块大石头压破了电缆外皮。一个半小时解决了厂家技术员都无法找到的故障，神农架林区供电中心领导连连称赞：“这位‘电缆神医’，真是‘手到病除’！”
The mountainous terrain and winding roads in Shennongjia Forestry District entailed thedetection was much more challenging than in urban areas. However, in just one and a half hours, Zou Song accurately identified the malfunction. After excavation, it was discovered that a large rock had rupturedthe cable insulation in construction. Zou Song resolved the problemwhicheven the technical experts from the manufacturers could not handle. The manager of the Shennongjia Forestry District Power Supply Center praised him, asthe “cable doctor” with “outstanding healing abilities”.
“‘邹一听’，这儿断电了，请你来帮我们听一听！”如今，邹松“邹一听”的绰号叫响全省。自2008年以来，邹松通过现场探测、线上指导和远程协调等方式，在全省各地开展故障探测300多次，为国家节约超过3000万元的土方开挖、设备购置等费用及无法估量的时间效益。
“Zou Yiting, we have a power failure here. Couldyou come and have a listen?” Today, Zou Song, nicknamed “Zou Yiting,” owing to his remarkable listening skills, is well-known throughout the wholeprovince. Since 2008, Zou Song has conducted over 300 detections across the province through on-site exploration, onlineguidance, and remotecoordination, saving the country more than 30 million yuan in excavation and equipment costs, as well as immeasurable time benefits.
带出160名徒弟传承技艺
PassingDown His Skills and Cultivating 160 Apprentices
随着故障核查经验的积累，邹松的“一听”绝技更加精进。无论是在声音复杂的变电站，还是在车水马龙的市中心，他只要静心“一听”，总能准确分辨出异常的放电声，圈出开挖位置。
With the accumulation of fault-inspecting experience, Zou Song’s consummateskillto identify abnormal sounds has become more refined. Whether in a complex substation or a bustling downtown, he can accurately pointoutthe digging location just by anattentivelisten.
“但一个人的能力是有限的，集体的力量才是无限的。”2008年以来，邹松将自己“听声定位”的经验反复验证，制定“电缆故障检测流程”标准，并毫无保留地传授给各班组。
“But one person’s ability is limited, and the power of a collective is infinite.” Since 2008, Zou Song has repeatedly verifiedhis “sound-based locating” experience, set a standard of“cable fault detection process,” and generously passit down to all detection teams.
2016年1月8日傍晚，保康县马桥变电站一条线路发生故障，1200余户用电受到影响。保康供电公司输电运检班副班长王舒立有些慌神，第一时间想给师傅邹松打电话，但那时还没有高铁，想着邹松从襄阳市区赶到马桥变电站，至少需要3个半小时，加上夜间行车不安全、冬天路滑行车更慢等因素，王舒立决定边在现场按照流程检测，边打电话远程求教。在邹松的指导下，王舒立和同事历经3个小时的探测，顺利找到故障点并完成维修。
On the evening of January 8, 2016, a fault occurred at Maqiao Substation in Baokang County, affecting over 1,200 households’ powersupply. Wang Shuli, the deputy team leader of the Transmission and Inspection Team at Baokang Power Supply Company, felt a little bit panicked. He wanted to call Zou Song immediately but realized that Zou Song would take at least three and a half hours to get here, considering the absence of high-speed rail at that time. In view of the unsafe nighttime driving conditions and slippery winter roads, Wang Shuli decided to follow the detection process on site while seeking remote guidance withhisphone. UndertheguidanceofZou Song, Wang Shuli and his colleagues successfully located the fault and completed the repair after a three-hour-long search.
目前，国网襄阳供电公司已经建成了覆盖市、县两级供电公司的电缆抢修柔性团队。针对疑难复杂电缆故障，邹松以“柔性团队+远程协调”的工作模式，为各地实时提供远程技术支持。如今，邹松已培养徒弟160多名，遍布襄阳各县市区，以及武汉、十堰、咸宁、宜昌等地，还在省外培养徒弟13人。
Currently, State Grid Xiangyang Power Supply Company has established a flexible repair team that covers city and county-level power supply companies. To handlethechallenging and complex cable faults, Zou Song employs a “flexible team + remote coordination” work model to provide real-time technical support to various locations. Till now, Zou Song has trained over 160 apprentices spread across Xiangyang’s counties, urbanareas, as well as Wuhan, Shiyan, Xianning, and Yichang. He also has 13 apprentices outside the Hubei province.
“快速查找故障，为电缆看病只在当下，未来，我们要考虑的是，给深藏在地下的电缆‘治未病’，定期进行‘体检’！”邹松笑意满满，“现在，我正将多年积累的排障数据进行整理，提供给东南大学，用于某光纤传感器的研发。”邹松说，有了高科技的助力，电缆一旦出现故障“苗头”，就会及时被发现，被消除。“相信不久的将来，城市供电更可靠，百姓用电更放心。”
“Quickfault detectionand cable maintenance should only focus on the present. We should conduct regular check-ups on underground cables to nip problems in the budin the future!” Zou Song said with a smile. “I am organizing years of fault diagnosis data to provide them to Southeast University for the research and development of a fiber optic sensor.” With the assistance of advanced technology, cable faults can be promptly detected and eliminated assoonaspossible. “I believe in the near future, urban power supply will be more reliable, and people will bemoreateasewhileusing electricity.”