黄袍山油茶，一滴油香飘万里
Camellia Oleifera in Yellow Robe Mountain Fills the Air with Its Fragrant Aroma
楚天都市报极目新闻记者 陈勇 通讯员 吴迪
翻译：闵晨琳 吕荷 韩晓龙 （湖北大学）
Jimu News
Reporter: Chen Yong
Correspondent: Wu Di
Translators: Min Chenlin, Lv He, Han Xiaolong (Hubei University)
鄂南有山，相传古代曾有仙人晒黄袍于此，得名黄袍山。
Located in the southern part of Hubei province is a mountain called Yellow Robe Mountain. It got its name from the legend of an immortal who hang his yellow robe on the mountain to sundry it.
黄袍山是一座红色的山。罗荣桓元帅从这里起步，湘鄂赣黄袍山革命烈士陵园、英雄母亲黄菊妈陵园、湘鄂赣省委党校旧址……
Yellow Robe Mountain is a cradle of the revolution and it is where Marshal Luo Ronghuan started his revolution. It is also where the Revolutionary Martyrs Cemetery for soldiers from Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi, the Cemetery of Revolutionary Mother Huang Juma lies, and also the former site of the Provincial Party School of Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi.
黄袍山也是一座绿色的山。千百年来，油茶树倔强地把根扎进岩土的缝隙，历经风吹日晒，孕育出一颗颗青红相间的油茶果，让周边的农民增收致富。
Yellow Robe Mountain is also home to valuable botanic resources. For thousands of years, the camellia oleifera tree stubbornly put its roots into the cracks of rocks and soil. After years of growth, it bred green and red camellia oleifera fruits, which has increased the farmers' incomes.
金秋时节，伴随着油茶果的清香，极目新闻记者来到湖北通城县黄袍山，探寻这座神秘仙山的秘密。
In the autumn, accompanied by the fragrance of camellia oleifera fruit, reporters from Jimu News came to Yellow Robe Mountain in Tongcheng County, Hubei Province to explore the secret of this mysterious magical mountain.
油茶基地 本版供图：通讯员刘建平 A camellia oleifera base Photographer: Liu Jianping (Jimu correspondent)
党史学习教育打卡地
A Must-go Location for Studying the History of CPC
正是山中颜色最多的季节。红黄橙绿，美如图画。
Autumn is the season when mountains are covered in an array of colors. Shades of red, yellow, orange and green all come together to make the scenery look as beautiful as a picture.
脚下上山的路，平整宽阔，车行其间，少有颠簸。人杰地灵的荆楚大地上从来不缺少壮丽的山川，西神农，东龟峰，北武当，南黄袍。作为湖北十大名山之一的黄袍山别有洞天。
The road up the mountain is smooth and wide, with few bumps when driving a car. There isn't a shortage of magnificent mountains and rivers in Hubei province, which boasts Shennong Mountain in the west, Guifeng Mountain in the east, Wudang Mountain in the north and Yellow Robe Mountain in the south. As one of the top ten famous mountains in Hubei Province, Yellow Robe Mountain has its own beauty.
黄袍山的人文景点有多少，哪怕是当地人，也很难全部数得出来。“一门三尚书”方琼墓、方琼纪念馆、黄庭坚退隐黄袍山的“鲁直第”、明朝进士汪润田故居、西汉初期张良创办的“伐桂书院”……
Counting all the cultural attractions in Yellow Robe Mountain, is a difficult task even for local people. The Tomb and Memorial Hall of Fang Qiong, “Lu Zhidi” a place where the famed poet Huang Tingjian lived in seclusion, the former residence of Wang Runtian (a scholar in the Ming Dynasty), and the “Fagui Academy” founded by Zhang Liang in the early Western Han Dynasty, the list is just too long to remember.
位于荻田村的通城秋收暴动纪念馆，融入了通城秋暴纪念馆和湘鄂赣省委党校旧址、通城县苏维埃政府旧址、红河革命烈士纪念碑旧址、“革命母亲”黄菊妈墓地旧址等主要红色内容。“一馆四址生动展现了革命年代通城人民的英雄不屈，是通城有名的爱国主义教育基地和国防教育基地……”通城秋收暴动纪念馆解说员介绍。
Located in Ditian Village, Tongcheng County, the Autumn Harvest Uprising Memorial Hall incorporates sites of the main revolutionary events such as Tongcheng Autumn Harvest Uprising Memorial Hall, the former site of Hunan-Hubei-Jiangxi Provincial Party School, the former site of the Soviet Government in Tongcheng County, the former site of Honghe Revolutionary Martyrs Monument, and the former site for the “Revolutionary Mother” Huang Juma's Cemetery. The commentator of Tongcheng Autumn Harvest Uprising Memorial Hall introduced, “These infrastructures made up of one hall and four sites are famous patriotic education bases and national defense education bases in Tongcheng, which vividly show the heroism and perseverance of the Tongcheng people during the revolutionary era...”
依托荻田村深厚的红色底蕴，通城以荻田为圆心，整合通城秋收暴动纪念馆、湘鄂赣省委党校旧址、通城县苏维埃旧址、黄袍山革命烈士纪念碑、“革命母亲”黄菊妈墓园等红色文化景点，打造红色小镇，让塘湖的红色基因孕育红色经济。
Relying on the profound revolutionary background of Ditian Village, Tongcheng integrates its revolutionary cultural attractions to create a revolution-themed town and promote a revolution-themed economy. The attractions include Tongcheng Autumn Harvest Uprising Memorial Hall, the former site of Hunan-Hubei-Jiangxi Provincial Party School, the former site of Soviet Government in Tongcheng County, Revolutionary Martyrs Monument in Yellow Robe Mountain, and the Cemetery for “Revolutionary Mother” Huang Juma, and so on.
如今，通城秋暴纪念馆等红色文化景点成为革命教育、党史学习教育的打卡地，湘鄂赣等各地党员干部群众慕名而来。
Nowadays, the Tongcheng Autumn Harvest Uprising Memorial Hall and other revolutionary cultural attractions have become symbolic places to learn about the revolution and the Party's history, hence attracting Party members and people from Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi Province to visit the sites.
近几年来，荻田村大力发展红色旅游，尤其是电视连续剧《元帅从这里起步》摄制组在这里大量实地取景后，更是声名大噪。2009年，荻田村入选“湖北省旅游名村”。
In recent years, Ditian Village has vigorously developed its revolutionary tourism, especially after the TV series The Marshal Starts Here was filmed here which made the village even more famous. In 2009, Ditian Village was selected as “Hubei Province Tourist Village”.
油茶喜获丰收 Harvesting camellia oleifera fruit
乡村振兴致富树
Camellia Oil Plays A Key Role in the Revitalization of the Village
在黄袍山驿站农特产品交易中心，各种黄袍山的特产琳琅满目。干豆角、干竹笋、干马齿苋、特色腐乳……但最出名的，还是茶油。
There are many kinds of specialties in Agricultural Products Trading Center located in the Yellow Robe Mountain courier station, including dried beans, dried bamboo shoots, dried purslane, specialty tofu curd and so on. However, the most famous among them all is camellia oil.
说起黄袍山的茶油，也与山名的神秘传说有关。当地的老人们都知道这个故事：相传玉帝与王母娘娘于瑶池设宴会仙，众仙品尝琼浆佳肴，皆赞不绝口。吕洞宾欲窥调料秘诀，便潜入膳房，偷得仙油一瓶，藏于袍内，后降落于此山。后王母发现，派兵追索。洞宾情急，将油瓶掷出，油瓶碎，仙油溅散，将洞宾的袍子染黄。吕洞宾大惊，便洗袍晒此。
Camellia Oil from the Yellow Robe Mount is also related to the mysterious legend behind the mountain's name. The local elderly residents are familiar with the story: the Jade Emperor and the Queen Mother set up a banquet in Yaochi, the abode of the fairy mother goddess in ancient Chinese legend. All the immortals in attendance were full of praise for the delicacies. Lv Dongbin, who was invited to the banquet, wanted to peek at the secret behind the recipe, so he sneaked into the dining room to steal a bottle of the fairy oil and hid it in his robe, after which he then landed on this mountain. Then, The Queen Mother sent troops to pursue him. In a hurry, he threw out the oil bottle, and the scattered fairy oil stained his robe yellow. Lv Dongbin was shocked, so he washed his robe and dried it on the mountain. That's why it is called Yellow Robe Mountain.
虽是传说，但黄袍山的茶油，确实久负盛名。
Although it is a legend, camellia oil from the Yellow Robe Mountain has indeed held longtime fame.
通城黄袍山油茶产业园举办油茶起榨仪式 A ceremony for the first oil expelling this year was held in Yellow Robe Mountain Camellia Industrial Park, Tongcheng County
32万亩，是黄袍山及周边目前的油茶种植面积。“霜降节后多一日，茶油上树多一滴。”此时正是油茶的最佳采摘期，在塘湖镇阁壁村油茶基地，一片片油茶林沿着丘陵山地起伏，饱满的果实缀满枝头，青里透红。
At present, the planting area of camellia oleifera around Yellow Robe Mountain is as large as 21,344 hectares. “After the first frost, each day that goes by means one more drop of camellia oil.” As one looks at the piece of camellia oleifera forest running along the hills and mountains in Gebi village Tanghu town, the red fruit peeking through the green branches indicate that now is the best time to harvest them.
油茶是中国最古老的木本植物油，已经有2千多年的种植历史，《本草纲目》《山海经》等古代典籍中对于油茶的功效都有所记载。地处鄂赣两省交界幕阜山脉中段的黄袍山，土壤相对贫瘠，无法栽种其它经济作物，这恰好符合油茶树生长的环境——无需肥沃土壤，适应贫瘠土地，生长速度慢，成活时间长。
Camellia oil is the oldest woody vegetable oil in China, which has been cultivated for more than 2,000 years, and its efficacy has been recorded in the Compendium of Materia Medica, the Classic of Mountains and Seas and other ancient classics. Located in the middle of the Mufu Mountains on the border of Hubei and Jiangxi provinces, Yellow Robe Mountain has relatively poor soil which is not suitable for other cash crop except from camellia oleifera, whose slow growth rate and long survival time are adaptable to barren land.
丘陵起伏的黄袍山一带，成了油茶的天然生长乐土。
The hilly area of Yellow Robe Mountain has become a natural paradise for the cultivation of camellia tea.
村民们介绍，每一枚青红相间的油茶果，都要经历近13个月的时光，历经冬雪春岚夏暑秋风，在次年花开的秋季收获。每当油茶收获季节，也是油茶花盛开的季节，浓浓的茶花清香沁人心脾。
According to the local famers, each high-quality camellia fruit needs to go through 13 months of growth, experiencing all four seasons, before being harvested the following autumn when the flowers bloom. The harvest season of camellia oleifera is also the season of camellia flowers, whose strong fragrance is highly refreshing.
油茶精加工 Fine processing of camellia oil
一滴油香飘万里
One Drop of Camellia Oil is Enough to Fill the Air With its Fragrant Aroma
黄袍山油茶被称为“油中黄金”“长寿油”，它色泽金黄，澄清透明，气味清香，味道纯正。“山茶油能清洁血液，降低血脂和血糖，平衡血压，还具有保护免疫系统，增强免疫力，延缓衰老的功效。”黄袍山驿站农特产品交易中心里，导购员介绍着山茶油的各种功效，“我们黄袍山的山茶油，已经卖到了全国各地，香飘万里。”
Acclaimed as “the Best Oil” and “the Healthiest Oil”, camellia oil from the Yellow Robe Mountain is clear and golden with a pure flavor. Camellia Oil is beneficial for balancing blood pressure, cleansing the blood and lowering blood lipids and blood glucose levels. Besides, it can strengthen the immune system and delay aging”, a shopper said in the Yellow Robe Mountain Agricultural Products Trading Centre. She introduced the various benefits of camellia oil, “Well-known all over the country, camellia oil from the Yellow Robe Mountain has been sold across the country.”
在通城，说起黄袍山，有两层含义，一个是吕洞宾晒袍的仙山，还有一个，则是一家公司。
In Tongcheng County, when it comes to Yellow Robe Mountain, it refers to two things. One is the immortal mountain where Lv Dongbin sun dried his robe, and the other is a company, Hubei Yellow Robe Mountain Green Products Co., Ltd.
从黄袍山走出来的大学生晏绿金，从小一直有一个梦想，要将家乡黄袍山这漫山遍野的油茶树，变成为家乡的脱贫树、致富树。
The college student Yan Lvjin, born in the area of Yellow Robe Mountain, has always had a dream since he was a child. He dreamt of developing the rich camellia oil resource in his hometown, which in turn would help his hometown overcome poverty and achieve prosperity.
2007年，包括晏绿金在内的四个通城人聚到了一起，立志要干一番大事业——将通城好的油茶资源推介出去。同年8月，湖北黄袍山绿色产品有限公司成立，这是一家集油茶科研、种植、加工、销售于一体的企业。
In 2007, Yan Lvjin along with three other Tongcheng locals got together determined to do something big, that is, marketing Tongcheng Camellia oil resources. In August 2007, involved in camellia oil scientific research, cultivation, processing and selling, Hubei Yellow Robe Mountain Green Products Co., Ltd was established.
经过15年的发展，公司先后投资1.5亿余元，在全县11个乡镇78个村建立了61200亩土地油茶基地，其中股份制基地38000亩，占比一半以上。带动7600多户农户就业增收，其中脱贫户2400多户，成为全国油茶产业重点企业。2021年2月，该公司还获得“全国脱贫攻坚先进集体”光荣称号。
After 15-years of development, the company invested more than 150 million yuan to establish camellia bases totaling an area of 4082 hectares in 78 villages in 11 townships in Tongcheng County, of which more than half were shareholding bases of about 25,346 hectares. In February 2021, the company was acclaimed as a National Advanced Collective in Poverty Alleviation.
如今，湖北黄袍山绿色产品有限公司建成全国首个油茶文化博物馆，“国家级油茶产业示范园”成为公司亮丽招牌。茶油护肤品等高端产品相继问世，油茶产业链也不断延伸。2014年，“黄袍山油茶”成功获评国家地理标志证明商标。2020年，通城县入选中国特色农产品优势区。
Hubei Yellow Robe Mountain Green Products Co., Ltd built the first camellia oil culture museum and National Camellia Oil Industry Demonstration Park which has now become the company's brightest signpost. Camellia oil skin care products and other high-end products have been launched, and the camellia oil industry chain has been extended. In 2014, camellia oil from the Yellow Robe Mountain was successfully awarded the national geographical certification trademark. In 2020, because of camellia oil, Tongcheng County was selected as an advanced area for Chinese characteristic agricultural products.
“过去我们的茶油10斤一装，论壶卖；5年前，改为一小瓶一小瓶地卖；现在，是论滴卖，一套婴幼儿洗护用品，只用几滴山茶油，价值200多元，可抵一瓶纯山茶油！”去年10月11日，通城县委书记刘中英做客湖北日报5G演播室，就倾情推荐利用油茶开发出的洗护用品。
“In the past, camellia oil was sold in containers weighing 5 kilograms; 5 years ago, it was sold in small bottles; now, it is sold by the drop. A set of baby toiletries with only a few drops of camellia oil is worth more than 200 yuan, equal to the price of a bottle of pure camellia oil.”On October 11, 2021, Tongcheng County Party Secretary Liu Zhongying came to Hubei Daily 5G Studio and recommended toiletries they have developed with camellia oil.
通城县委县政府推荐油茶、发展油茶产业不遗余力，从论壶卖到论“滴”卖，通城油茶产业正在不断迭代升级，成为黄袍山乃至整个通城县乡村振兴的产业引擎。
Tongcheng County Government continues to recommend camellia oil, ensuring no efforts are spared in developing the camellia oil industry. The shift from selling by the container to selling by a drop, shows how the camellia oil industry in Tongcheng is constantly developing to become the industrial engine of rural revitalization in Yellow Robe Mountain and the whole of Tongcheng County.